In response to Louis XIV of France's Palace of Versailles, Peter the Great ordered a set of palaces and gardens in Petergof, Saint Petersburg, Russia, which are known as the Peterhof Palace (an imitation of the German "Peterhof" meaning "Peter's Court"). The name "The Russian Versailles" came from Peter the Great's attempt to enlarge the property after his visit to the French royal court in 1717, although he had originally intended it for rural living in 1709.Domenico Trezzini was an architect from 1714 until 1728, and the Petrine Baroque style that was popular in Saint Petersburg was based on his work. The gardens were created in 1714 by Jean-Baptiste Alexandre Le Blond, who was probably selected because of his prior work with Versailles landscaper André Le Nôtre [6]. For Elizabeth of Russia, Francesco Bartolomeo Rastrelli finished an enlargement between 1747 and 1756. Both the city center and the palace complex are listed as UNESCO World Heritage Sites.The Treaty of Nystad, which was signed in 1721 after the Great Northern War, gave the newly emerging Tsardom of Russia a large portion of the Swedish Empire's claim to the Baltic Sea. After successfully seizing Swedish regions on the eastern coast in 1703, Peter the Great immediately started building his new capital, St. Petersburg.
Due to its advantageous location, the Neva River, which led to the Gulf of Finland, gave Russia access to the Baltic Sea. Because of the shallowness of the sea nearer the city, the island of Kotlin and its stronghold Kronstadt west of St Petersburg served as a gateway and access to a commercial harbor.As part of his efforts to modernize and westernize Russia, Peter the Great constructed and enlarged the Peterhof Palace complex in the early 18th century.There are several old royal structures in Peterhof besides the Grand Palace. Originally built during the reign of Peter the Great, Peterhof included the palaces of Monplaisir and Marli, as well as the pavilion called the 'Hermitage'.[Reference required
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